FEDERALCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
1994

L & A Contracting Company v. Southern Concrete Services, Inc.

17 F.3d 106Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit • Decided 1994Modified

HOLDING

L & A Contracting sued Southern Concrete Services and its surety (performance bond company) for failing to deliver concrete on a bridge project. The court found Southern Concrete liable for breach but ruled the surety was not liable because L & A never formally declared Southern in default using clear, direct language. The surety only becomes responsible when the contractor explicitly terminates the contract and declares material breach—complaints about poor performance alone don't trigger surety liability.

KEY FINDINGS

Pay-When-Paid

If you're a subcontractor with a performance bond, your surety won't be liable unless the contractor formally declares you in default using explicit, unambiguous language. Vague complaints don't count.

Lien Rights

If you're a general contractor, you must formally declare a bonded subcontractor in default with clear, direct language to hold the surety responsible. Document this declaration carefully.

Dispute Resolution

There's a legal difference between 'breach' (failing to perform) and 'default' (formal termination). Only default triggers surety liability, so know your contract's default procedures.

FULL COURT OPINION