FEDERALCourt of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
1991

United States ex rel. T.M.S. Mechanical Contractors, Inc. v. Millers Mutual Fire Insurance

942 F.2d 946Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit • Decided 1991Modified

HOLDING

T.M.S. Mechanical Contractors sued the payment bond surety for delays and termination costs on a VA hospital project in Texas. The court ruled that sureties must pay for actual out-of-pocket costs (labor and materials) caused by delays, but not for lost profits or termination expenses. This limits what subcontractors can recover under Miller Act bonds when projects are delayed or terminated.

KEY FINDINGS

Pay-When-Paid

You can recover actual costs for labor and materials that increased due to project delays, but document these carefully with invoices and time records.

Termination for Convenience

Termination costs and lost profits on delay work are NOT recoverable from the surety, so negotiate these protections in your subcontract instead.

Flow-Down

Make sure your subcontract clearly defines what costs flow down from the general contractor and what the surety will cover—don't rely on the Miller Act bond alone.

FULL COURT OPINION